Glossary

Alliteration

CIRCLE

Direct Instruction

ELL/ESL

Environmental Resources

Facilitator

Center for Improving the Readiness of Children for Learning and Education, part of The University of Texas- Houston Health Science Center (UTHHSC), and authors of this course.

A method of instruction that is explicit, intensive, and teacher- directed.

English Language Learners/English as a Second Language.

Toys and manipulatives used in the classroom to help children develop specific skills as part of a multisensory approach to instruction.

The leader of a learning group.

Formal Assessment

A method of monitoring children's progress using objective tests or rubrics.

Indirect Instruction

Teacher-planned instruction that is child-centered, with a high level of child involvement. In indirect instruction, the role of the teacher is as a facilitator and observer.

Informal Assessment

A method of monitoring children's progress regularly as they work, through observation and conferencing.

Learning Group

A cohort of educators who work together in an online professional development program.

Learning History

A narrative that follows a child's development through photographs and annotations.

Manipulatives

Materials that serve as teaching aids and can be physically handled by students.

Multisensory

Relating to or involving several of the five senses.

Neuhaus Education Center

Founded in 1980 in Texas, the Center provides a proven, multisensory approach to teaching the basic language skills of reading, writing, and spelling to all students, including those students with language learning differences, especially dyslexia. The Center is a nonprofit foundation that serves as a center for professional development for educators and as a resource for parental consultation and adult education.

Onset-Rime

Parts of spoken language that are smaller than syllables but larger than phonemes. An onset is the initial consonant(s) sound of a syllable (e.g., /b/ in band). A rime is the part of a syllable that contains the vowel and all that follows it (e.g., /and/ in band).

Phoneme

The smallest sound unit of speech. For example, the word cat contains three phonemes: /k/ +/a/ + /t/.

Phoneme Blending

Combining discrete phonemes to create recognizable words.

Phoneme Manipulation

Replacing individual sounds in a word to create other words. For example, replacing the /a/ in sat with /i/ makes the new word sit.

Phoneme Segmenting

Breaking down words into individual sounds (e.g., knit = /n/ + /i/ + /t/).

Phonics

A way of teaching reading that addresses sound/symbol relationships.

Phonological Awareness

The ability to identify and manipulate the sounds of spoken language, including words, syllables, onsets and rimes, and phonemes.

Rhyme

Identical or very similar recurring final sounds in words, often at the ends of lines of poetry.

Scaffolding

Supports or prompts provided by a teacher to guide students' thinking until they learn how to handle the subject matter independently.

Sentence Segmenting

Breaking a sentence down into individual words.

Syllabication (Syllable Segmenting and Blending)

Isolating the syllables in words and blending them together to make words.

Transitions

The time in between activities which can be maximized to reinforce learning.

The repetition of the same sound at the beginning of neighboring words (e.g., dusty dog digs).